Roadside Geology of Hawai'i - Table of Contents
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I. Geology in the Hawaiian Islands
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1
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Of Time and the Hot Spot
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1
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The Mantle and the Crust
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5
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Lithosphere and Asthenosphere
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5
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Molten Rock
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7
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Shield Volcanoes
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11
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Dying Volvanoes
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13
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Xenoliths
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17
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Rift Zones
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17
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Pyroclastic Cones
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18
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Craters
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22
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Lava Surfaces
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24
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Lava Channels and Tubes
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28
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Age Dating
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30
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Sinking Islands
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31
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Island Collapse
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33
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Soils
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36
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Fluted Cliffs and Amphitheater Valleys
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38
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Drowned Valleys and Tsunami
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39
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Wind, Waves, and Beaches
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41
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Coral Reefs and Sand Dunes
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45
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II. Hawai'i, The Big Island
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51
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Around Hilo
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57
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| Pepe'ekeo Scenic Drive
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63
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| Hawai'i 11: Hilo - Hawaii Volcanoes National Park
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63
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| Crater Rim Drive Loop
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70
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Chain of Craters Road
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80
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Hawai'i 130: Kea'au - South to the Coast
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89
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Hawai'i 137: Hawaii 130 - Kapoho
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89
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Hawai'i 132: Kapoho - Pahoa
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92
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Mauna Loa Road: Hawai'i 11 - Mauna Loa Trail
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94
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Hawai'i 11, Mamalahoa Highway: Kilauea - Kailua - Kona
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95
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Hawai'i 19, Queen Ka'ahumanu Highway: Kailua - Waimea
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107
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Hawai'i 190, Mamalahoa Highway: Kailua - Waimea
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110
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Hawai'i 250: Waimea - Hawi
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111
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Hawai'i 270: Pololu - Kawaihae
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113
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The Hamakua Coast, Hawai'i 19: Waimea - Hilo
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114
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Hawai'i 200 and 220, The Saddle Road: Hilo - Waimea
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117
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Mauna Loa Observatory Road, West from Hilo: Saddle Road - Mauna Loa Observatory
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123
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Mauna Kea Summit Road: Saddle Road - Summit of Mauna Kea
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124
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III. Maui, The Valley Isle
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129
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Hawai'i 32: Kahului - 'Iao Valley State Park
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133
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Hawai'i 30: Kahului - Lahaina
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136
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Hawai'i 30: Lahaina - Honokohau Bay
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141
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The West Maui Windward Coast:
Hawai'i 340, The Kahekili Highway: Honokohau - Kahului
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144
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The Kihei - Wailea Resort Coast: Hawaii 31, Pi'ilani Highway: Hawai'i 30 - Wailea
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147
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South Kihei, Alanui Road: Kihei - Wailea - 'Ahihi - Kina'u Reserve
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148
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Hawai'i 36 and 360, Hana Highway: Kahului - Hana - Kipahulu Valley
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153
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Hawai'i 31: Hana - Haleakala National Park, Kipahulu Section
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161
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Hawai'i 31, South Flank of Haleakala: West of Kipahulu - 'Ulupalakua Ranch
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164
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Hawai'i 37: Kahului - 'Ulupalakua, via Pukalani and Keokea
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166
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Hawai'i 377 and 378: Pukalani - Summit of Haleakala
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167
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IV. Lana'i, The Pineapple Isle
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175
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Hawai'i 440, Kaumalapau Highway: Lana'i City - Kaumalapau Harbor
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177
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Hawai'i 440: Lana'i City - Manele Bay
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179
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Hawai'i 430: Lana'i City - Shipwreck Beach
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182
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Munro Trail, Four-Wheel-Drive Track: Hawai'i 430 - Across Lana'ihale to Hawai'i 440
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187
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Polihua Road to Garden of the Gods, Four-Wheel-Drive Track:
Lana'i City - Polihua Beach
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187
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V. Moloka'i, The Friendly Isle
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191
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Hawai'i 450, Kamehameha V Highway: Kaunakakai - Halawa Valley
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195
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Hawai'i 460, Maunaloa Road: Kaunakakai - Maunaloa
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200
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Kaluako'i Road: Hawai'i 460 - Papohaku Beach
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204
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Hawai'i 470: The Road to Kalaupapa Overlook
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205
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VI. O'ahu, The Gathering Place
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209
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H-1 Freeway: Honolulu - Farrington Highway
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214
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Hawai'i 61: Honolulu - Kailua
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217
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Hawai'i 72 to H-1, Kalaniana'ole Highway, around the Southeastern Tip of O'ahu:
Kailua - Honolulu
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221
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Hawai'i 83 and 99 / H-2: Kailua - The North Shore - Across the Island to Pearl Harbor
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229
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Hawai'i 930, Westward to Road's End: Northwest Shore - Ka'ena Point
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243
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The Leeward Coast: Hawai'i 93, Farrington Highway: H-1 Freeway - Yokohama Beach
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244
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VII. Kaua'i, The Garden Isle
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255
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The North Shore: Hawai'i 56, Kuhio Highway: Lihu'e - Ha'ena
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261
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Kaua'i South Shore: Hawai'i 50: Lihu'e - Barking Sands
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275
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Hawai'i 520 and 530, Koloa Road: Hawai'i 50 - Po'ipu Beach
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280
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Waimea Canyon Drive: Hawai'i 50 - Hawai'i 55
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283
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Hawai'i 55: Kekaha - Waimea Canyon and Kalalau, Pu'u o Kila Lookouts
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284
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Glossary
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291
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Additional Reading
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295
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Index
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297
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About the Authors
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307
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